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47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z",[374,408],{"width":376,"height":377,"x":378,"y":379},"。",[323,411,412],{},"绝对禁止向燃着的酒精灯里添加酒精，以免失火",[323,414,415],{},"绝对禁止用酒精灯引燃另一只酒精灯",[323,417,418],{},"用完酒精灯，必须用灯帽盖灭，不可用嘴去吹",[323,420,421],{},"不要碰倒酒精灯，万一洒出的酒精在桌上燃烧起来，应立即用湿布扑灭",[315,423,425],{"id":424},"石棉网石棉网是石棉铁丝网的简称","石棉网——石棉网是石棉铁丝网的简称",[427,428,429],"p",{},"石棉网用于给玻璃仪器加热，石棉的隔热作用，可使受热均匀、缓和",[431,432,433],"blockquote",{},[427,434,435],{},"注：组装而成的加热装置，见模块化装置中的“反应装置”一节",[311,437,438],{"id":438},"可加热仪器",[427,440,441],{},[442,443,444],"strong",{},"A. 可直接加热的仪器：试管、蒸发皿、坩埚、燃烧匙、硬质玻璃管",[446,447,448,471],"table",{},[449,450,451],"thead",{},[452,453,454,458,461,464,467],"tr",{},[455,456,457],"th",{},"直接加热的仪器",[455,459,460],{},"试管",[455,462,463],{},"蒸发皿",[455,465,466],{},"坩埚",[455,468,470],{"align":469},"center","燃烧匙、硬质玻璃管",[472,473,474],"tbody",{},[452,475,476,480,486,491,496],{},[477,478,479],"td",{},"图片",[477,481,482],{},[342,483],{"alt":484,"src":485},"","https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002F1.2.webp",[477,487,488],{},[342,489],{"alt":484,"src":490},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fclip_image004.webp",[477,492,493],{},[342,494],{"alt":484,"src":495},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fclip_image006.webp",[477,497,498,501,502],{"align":469},[342,499],{"alt":484,"src":500},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fclip_image008.webp"," ",[342,503],{"alt":484,"src":504},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fimage-20230906200028674-1694001632562-28.webp",[427,506,507],{},"注意：可直接加热，但不能骤冷（防止冷热不均炸裂，通常放在石棉网上冷却）",[315,509,460],{"id":460},[320,511,512,584,628],{},[323,513,514,515,536,537,558,561,562,583],{},"加入液体时：不超过试管容积的 ",[330,516,518],{"className":517,"jax":334},[333],[336,519,520],{"style":386,"xmlns":339,"width":340,"height":387,"role":342,"focusable":343,"viewBox":388},[346,521,522],{"stroke":348,"fill":348,"stroke-width":349,"transform":350},[346,523,524],{"dataMmlNode":353},[346,525,526,530,534],{"dataMmlNode":356},[346,527,528],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":360},[362,529],{"dataC":399,"d":400},[346,531,532],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":368},[362,533],{"dataC":364,"d":365},[374,535],{"width":376,"height":377,"x":378,"y":379},"；若需加热，则不超过 ",[330,538,540],{"className":539,"jax":334},[333],[336,541,542],{"style":338,"xmlns":339,"width":340,"height":341,"role":342,"focusable":343,"viewBox":344},[346,543,544],{"stroke":348,"fill":348,"stroke-width":349,"transform":350},[346,545,546],{"dataMmlNode":353},[346,547,548,552,556],{"dataMmlNode":356},[346,549,550],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":360},[362,551],{"dataC":364,"d":365},[346,553,554],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":368},[362,555],{"dataC":371,"d":372},[374,557],{"width":376,"height":377,"x":378,"y":379},[559,560],"br",{},"试管夹：应夹在离试管口 ",[330,563,565],{"className":564,"jax":334},[333],[336,566,567],{"style":338,"xmlns":339,"width":340,"height":341,"role":342,"focusable":343,"viewBox":344},[346,568,569],{"stroke":348,"fill":348,"stroke-width":349,"transform":350},[346,570,571],{"dataMmlNode":353},[346,572,573,577,581],{"dataMmlNode":356},[346,574,575],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":360},[362,576],{"dataC":399,"d":400},[346,578,579],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":368},[362,580],{"dataC":371,"d":372},[374,582],{"width":376,"height":377,"x":378,"y":379}," 处（中上部）",[323,585,586,587],{},"加热时：试管外壁应擦干，先均匀受热，再集中加热，不可骤冷骤热，管口不准对着人",[320,588,589,592],{},[323,590,591],{},"给固体加热时，管口应略向下倾斜。若是粉末，试管口应加棉花。",[323,593,594,595],{},"给液体加热时，应用酒精灯的外焰（外焰燃烧充分，温度高），并使试管跟桌面成 ",[330,596,598],{"className":597,"jax":334},[333],[336,599,604],{"style":600,"xmlns":339,"width":601,"height":602,"role":342,"focusable":343,"viewBox":603},"vertical-align: -0.05ex;","3.25ex","1.674ex","0 -718 1436.6 740",[346,605,606],{"stroke":348,"fill":348,"stroke-width":349,"transform":350},[346,607,608],{"dataMmlNode":353},[346,609,611,620],{"dataMmlNode":610},"msup",[346,612,613,615],{"dataMmlNode":359},[362,614],{"dataC":405,"d":406},[362,616],{"dataC":617,"d":618,"transform":619},"35","M164 157Q164 133 148 117T109 101H102Q148 22 224 22Q294 22 326 82Q345 115 345 210Q345 313 318 349Q292 382 260 382H254Q176 382 136 314Q132 307 129 306T114 304Q97 304 95 310Q93 314 93 485V614Q93 664 98 664Q100 666 102 666Q103 666 123 658T178 642T253 634Q324 634 389 662Q397 666 402 666Q410 666 410 648V635Q328 538 205 538Q174 538 149 544L139 546V374Q158 388 169 396T205 412T256 420Q337 420 393 355T449 201Q449 109 385 44T229 -22Q148 -22 99 32T50 154Q50 178 61 192T84 210T107 214Q132 214 148 197T164 157Z","translate(500,0)",[346,621,624],{"dataMmlNode":622,"transform":623},"mo","translate(1033,404.1) scale(0.707)",[362,625],{"dataC":626,"d":627},"2218","M55 251Q55 328 112 386T249 444T386 388T444 249Q444 171 388 113T250 55Q170 55 113 112T55 251ZM245 403Q188 403 142 361T96 250Q96 183 141 140T250 96Q284 96 313 109T354 135T375 160Q403 197 403 250Q403 313 360 358T245 403Z",[323,629,630,631,652],{},"振荡试管时，应用拇指、食指、中指握住离试管口的 ",[330,632,634],{"className":633,"jax":334},[333],[336,635,636],{"style":338,"xmlns":339,"width":340,"height":341,"role":342,"focusable":343,"viewBox":344},[346,637,638],{"stroke":348,"fill":348,"stroke-width":349,"transform":350},[346,639,640],{"dataMmlNode":353},[346,641,642,646,650],{"dataMmlNode":356},[346,643,644],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":360},[362,645],{"dataC":399,"d":400},[346,647,648],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":368},[362,649],{"dataC":371,"d":372},[374,651],{"width":376,"height":377,"x":378,"y":379}," 处，用腕力振荡试管底部",[431,654,655,660],{},[427,656,657],{},[342,658],{"alt":484,"src":659},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fclip_image002-1694000728695-8.webp",[427,661,662,501,665],{},[342,663],{"alt":484,"src":664},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fclip_image007.webp",[342,666],{"alt":484,"src":667},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fclip_image009.webp",[315,669,466],{"id":466},[427,671,672],{},"耐高温，主要用于固体物质的高温灼烧",[320,674,675,678,681],{},[323,676,677],{},"相关仪器：配套使用的仪器有：泥三角，三脚架，酒精灯； 取放坩埚时必须使用：坩埚钳；",[323,679,680],{},"坩埚的种类：瓷坩埚（常用）、氧化铝坩埚、石英坩埚、铁坩埚",[323,682,683],{},"坩埚的选择：原则是不与添加的反应物发生反应；",[431,685,686],{},[427,687,688],{},[342,689],{"alt":484,"src":495},[315,691,463],{"id":463},[427,693,694],{},"液体物质的蒸发、浓缩、结晶（常为瓷质）",[320,696,697,722,725],{},[323,698,699,700,721],{},"液体不超过其容量的 ",[330,701,703],{"className":702,"jax":334},[333],[336,704,705],{"style":338,"xmlns":339,"width":340,"height":341,"role":342,"focusable":343,"viewBox":344},[346,706,707],{"stroke":348,"fill":348,"stroke-width":349,"transform":350},[346,708,709],{"dataMmlNode":353},[346,710,711,715,719],{"dataMmlNode":356},[346,712,713],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":360},[362,714],{"dataC":399,"d":400},[346,716,717],{"dataMmlNode":359,"transform":368},[362,718],{"dataC":371,"d":372},[374,720],{"width":376,"height":377,"x":378,"y":379}," ，边加热边搅拌",[323,723,724],{},"若为蒸发结晶：一般当有大量晶体析出时停止加热，靠余热将剩余液体蒸干",[323,726,727],{},"若为冷却结晶：一般是加热到表面有晶膜出现时，停止加热，降温结晶，获得晶体",[431,729,730],{},[427,731,732],{},[342,733],{"alt":484,"src":734},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002Fclip_image006-1694001077244-22.webp",[315,736,737],{"id":737},"燃烧匙",[427,739,740],{},"常用于块状或粉末状固体在气体中的燃烧实验（如硫、磷、钠等）",[427,742,743],{},"伸入集气瓶作燃烧实验时，应由瓶口慢慢下移，以使反应完全",[427,745,746],{},"高温时为防止燃烧匙与反应物反应，可铺一层细沙",[427,748,749],{},[442,750,751],{},"B. 可垫陶土~~（石棉）~~网加热的仪器：烧杯、 锥形瓶、 烧瓶（圆底烧瓶、蒸馏烧瓶 ,三颈烧瓶）",[446,753,754,776],{},[449,755,756],{},[452,757,758,761,764,767,770,773],{},[455,759,760],{"align":469},"相关仪器",[455,762,763],{"align":469},"烧杯",[455,765,766],{"align":469},"圆底、平底烧瓶",[455,768,769],{"align":469},"蒸馏烧瓶",[455,771,772],{"align":469},"锥形瓶",[455,774,775],{"align":469},"三颈烧瓶",[472,777,778,808],{},[452,779,780,782,787,792,798,803],{},[477,781,479],{"align":469},[477,783,784],{"align":469},[342,785],{"alt":763,"src":786},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002F7.7.webp",[477,788,789],{"align":469},[342,790],{"alt":772,"src":791},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002F7.8.webp",[477,793,794],{"align":469},[342,795],{"alt":796,"src":797},"圆底烧瓶","https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002F7.9.webp",[477,799,800],{"align":469},[342,801],{"alt":769,"src":802},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002F7.10.webp",[477,804,805],{"align":469},[342,806],{"alt":775,"src":807},"https:\u002F\u002Fptg90phsi6rf8j7h.public.blob.vercel-storage.com\u002Fchemistry\u002F7.11.webp",[452,809,810,813,816,819,822,825],{},[477,811,812],{"align":469},"特点",[477,814,815],{"align":469},"敞口",[477,817,818],{"align":469},"管口较小",[477,820,821],{"align":469},"有支管口",[477,823,824],{"align":469},"“三颈”",[477,826,818],{"align":469},[427,828,829,830],{},"注意：加热时需要垫石棉\u002F陶土网，液体体积范围为容积的 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